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HelpTest Code PEAN Peanut, IgE, Serum
Reporting Name
Peanut, IgEUseful For
Establishing a diagnosis of an allergy to peanut
Defining the allergen responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms
Identifying allergens:
-Responsible for allergic response and/or anaphylactic episode
-To confirm sensitization prior to beginning immunotherapy
-To investigate the specificity of allergic reactions to insect venom allergens, drugs, or chemical allergens
Method Name
Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay (FEIA)
Performing Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester
Specimen Type
SerumOrdering Guidance
For a listing of allergens available for testing, see Allergens - Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Antibodies.
Specimen Required
Collection Container/Tube:
Preferred: Serum gel
Acceptable: Red top
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL for every 5 allergens requested
Collection Instructions: Centrifuge and aliquot serum into a plastic vial.
Specimen Minimum Volume
For 1 allergen: 0.3 mL
For more than 1 allergen: (0.05 mL x number of allergens) + 0.25 mL deadspace
Specimen Stability Information
| Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serum | Refrigerated (preferred) | 14 days | |
| Frozen | 90 days | ||
| Ambient | 7 days |
Reject Due To
| Gross hemolysis | OK |
| Gross lipemia | OK |
| Gross icterus | OK |
Special Instructions
Reference Values
|
Class |
IgE kU/L |
Interpretation |
|
0 |
<0.10 |
Negative |
|
0/1 |
0.10-0.34 |
Borderline/equivocal |
|
1 |
0.35-0.69 |
Equivocal |
|
2 |
0.70-3.49 |
Positive |
|
3 |
3.50-17.4 |
Positive |
|
4 |
17.5-49.9 |
Strongly positive |
|
5 |
50.0-99.9 |
Strongly positive |
|
6 |
≥100 |
Strongly positive |
Reference values apply to all ages.
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
CPT Code Information
86003
LOINC Code Information
| Test ID | Test Order Name | Order LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| PEAN | Peanut, IgE | 6206-7 |
| Result ID | Test Result Name | Result LOINC Value |
|---|---|---|
| PEAN | Peanut, IgE | 6206-7 |
Clinical Information
Peanut allergy is one of the most common food allergies in the United States, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 1% to 2%.(1) The clinical symptoms of peanut allergy may range from relatively mild, such as rhinorrhea, pruritus, or nausea, to a systemic and potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. The diagnosis of peanut allergy is based upon the presence of compatible clinical symptoms in the context of peanut exposure, with support from identification of potential peanut-specific IgE allergen antibodies, either by skin testing or in vitro serology testing.
In vitro serology testing has generally focused on assessing for the presence of total peanut IgE antibodies. These antibodies are identified by immunoassay in which the capture allergen is an extract prepared from natural peanut raw material. Most studies have demonstrated a correlation between the amount of total peanut IgE allergen antibody present and an increased likelihood of a clinical allergic response.
Clinical manifestations of immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) diseases are caused by the release of proinflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins) from IgE-sensitized effector cells (mast cells and basophils) when cell-bound IgE antibodies interact with allergen.
Once an elevated antibody response to total peanut IgE extract is established, assessment for the presence of specific IgE antibodies to the most common individual peanut allergenic components may be considered.
Interpretation
Detection of IgE antibodies in serum (class 1 or greater) indicates an increased likelihood of allergic disease as opposed to other etiologies and defines the allergens that may be responsible for eliciting signs and symptoms.
The level of IgE antibodies in serum varies directly with the concentration of IgE antibodies expressed as a class score or kU/L.
Cautions
Results from peanut specific IgE antibody testing must be interpreted in the context of patient's clinical evaluation and history of allergen exposures.
Negative results for IgE to total peanut and any peanut components do not completely exclude the possibility of clinically relevant allergic responses upon exposure to peanut. Clinical correlation of results from in vitro IgE testing with patient history of allergic or anaphylactic responses to peanut is recommended.
Positive results for IgE to total peanut or any peanut components are not diagnostic for peanut allergy, and only indicate that the patient may be sensitized to peanut or a cross-reactive allergen. It is recommended to correlate results from in vitro IgE testing with patient history of allergic or anaphylactic responses to peanut.
Testing for IgE antibodies may not be useful in patients previously treated with immunotherapy to determine if residual clinical sensitivity exists, or in patients in whom the medical management does not depend upon identification of allergen specificity.
Some patients with significantly elevated concentrations of total peanut IgE antibodies do not have any reaction when administered a peanut oral food challenge. This may be due to the presence of an IgE antibody specific for a nonallergenic protein present within the peanut extract.
Furthermore, some individuals with clinically insignificant or no sensitivity to allergens may have detectable levels of IgE antibodies in serum; therefore, results must be interpreted in the clinical context. False-positive results for IgE antibodies may occur in patients with markedly elevated serum IgE (>2500 kU/L) due to nonspecific binding to allergen solid phases.
Method Description
Specific IgE from the patient's serum reacts with the allergen of interest, which is covalently coupled to an ImmunoCAP. After washing away nonspecific IgE, enzyme-labeled anti-IgE antibody is added to form a complex. After incubation, unbound anti-IgE is washed away, and the bound complex incubated with a developing agent. After stopping the reaction, the fluorescence of the eluate is measured. Fluorescence is proportional to the amount of specific IgE present in the patient's sample (ie, the higher the fluorescence value, the more IgE antibody is present).(Package insert: ImmunoCAP System Specific IgE FEIA. Phadia; Rev 06/2020)