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Test Code SALCA Salicylate, Serum

Useful For

Quantitative determination of toxic levels of salicylate

 

This test is not useful for assessing low-dose aspirin therapy.

Method Name

Photometric

Reporting Name

Salicylate, S

Specimen Type

Serum


Specimen Required


Collection Container/Tube:

Preferred: Serum gel

Acceptable: Red top

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial

Specimen Volume: 0.5 mL

Collection Instructions:

1. Serum gel tubes should be centrifuged within 2 hours of collection.

2. Red-top tubes should be centrifuged, and the serum aliquoted into a plastic vial within 2 hours of collection.


Specimen Minimum Volume

0.25 mL

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Serum Refrigerated (preferred) 7 days
  Frozen  28 days
  Ambient  72 hours

Reject Due To

Gross hemolysis Reject

Clinical Information

Therapeutic salicylates include, among others, salicylic acid, sodium salicylate, methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen), and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin).

 

Aspirin is an analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory drug contained in a large number of preparations. Aspirin is rapidly hydrolyzed by hepatic and blood esterases to the pharmacologically active intermediate, salicylic acid, which has a dose-dependent serum half-life ranging from 3 to 20 hours.

 

Stimulation of the respiratory center in the central nervous system and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation are direct effects of salicylate that lead to many of the toxic symptoms observed in overdose situations.

 

Symptoms of salicylate toxicity can include nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, headache, hyperpnea, confusion, hyperthermia, slurred speech, and convulsions. Acid-base disturbances such as compensated respiratory alkalosis (mild toxicity) and metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap (severe toxicity) are commonplace.

Reference Values

Therapeutic: <30.0 mg/dL

Critical value: ≥50.0 mg/dL

Interpretation

Therapeutic concentrations for antipyretic/analgesic are 3.0 to 10.0 mg/dL, while concentrations between 1.5 and 30 mg/dL are for anti-inflammatory effect and treatment of rheumatic fever.

 

Toxic concentrations are 50.0 mg/dL or higher.

Cautions

This test is not intended for use with low-dose aspirin therapy. Most patients on low daily doses of aspirin for cardiovascular prophylaxis will have serum concentrations near or below the lower limit of the analytical range.

Method Description

This determination depends upon the conversion of salicylate in the presence of the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) by salicylate hydroxylase to catechol and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The concomitant conversion of NADH to NAD is measured by the decrease in absorbance at 340 nm. The decrease is proportional to the concentration of salicylate present in the sample.(Package insert: Roche SALI reagent. Roche Diagnostics Corp; 11/2023)

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Sunday

Report Available

Same day/1 day

Performing Laboratory

Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester

CPT Code Information

80179

LOINC Code Information

Test ID Test Order Name Order LOINC Value
SALCA Salicylate, S 4024-6

 

Result ID Test Result Name Result LOINC Value
SALCA Salicylate, S 4024-6

Test Classification

This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.